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Intrinsic kinetics and external diffusion of catalytic steam gasification of fine coal char particles

Xuantao Wu, Jie Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 415-426 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1725-8

摘要： Catalytic steam gasification of fine coal char particles was carried out using a self-made laboratory reactor to determine the intrinsic kinetics and external diffusion under varying pressures (0.1–0.5 MPa) and superficial gas flow velocities (GFVs) of 13.8–68.8 cm?s . In order to estimate the gas release rate at a low GFV, the transported effect of effluent gas on the temporal gasification rate pattern was simulated by the Fluent computation and verified experimentally. The external mass transfer coefficients ( ) and the effectiveness factors were determined at lower GFVs, based on the intrinsic gasification rate obtained at a high GFV of 55.0 cm?s . The was found to be almost invariable in a wider carbon conversion of 0.2–0.7. The variations of at a median carbon conversion with GFV, temperature and pressure were found to follow a modified Chilton-Colburn correlation: (0.04< <0.19), where is total pressure and is atmospheric pressure. An intrinsic kinetics/external diffusion integrating model could well describe the gasification rate as a function of GFV, temperature and pressure over a whole gasification process.

关键词： coal char     catalytic steam gasification     pressure     kinetics     diffusion    

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Effects of pyrolyzed semi-char blend ratio on coal combustion and pollution emission in a 0.35 MW pulverizedcoal-fired furnace

Yonghong YAN, Liutao SUN, Zhengkang PENG, Hongliang QI, Li LIU, Rui SUN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 78-90 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0678-z

摘要： The effects of blend ratio on combustion and pollution emission characteristics for co-combustion of Shenmu pyrolyzed semi-char (SC), i.e., residuals of the coal pyrolysis chemical processing, and Shenhua bituminous coal (SB) were investigated in a 0.35 MW pilot-scale pulverized coal-fired furnace. The gas temperature and concentrations of gaseous species (O , CO, CO , NO and HCN) were measured in the primary combustion zone at different blend ratios. It is found that the standoff distance of ignition changes monotonically from 132 to 384 mm with the increase in pyrolyzed semi-char blend ratio. The effects on the combustion characteristics may be neglected when the blend ratio is less than 30%. Above the 30% blend ratio, the increase in blend ratio postpones ignition in the primary stage and lowers the burnout rate. With the blend ratio increasing, NO emission at the furnace exit is smallest for the 30% blend ratio and highest for the 100% SC. The NO concentration was 425 mg/m at 6% O and char burnout was 76.23% for the 45% blend ratio. The above results indicate that the change of standoff distance and NO emission were not obvious when the blend ratio of semi-char is less than 45%, and carbon burnout changed a little at all blend ratios. The goal of this study is to achieve blending combustion with a large proportion of semi-char without great changes in combustion characteristics. So, an SC blend ratio of no more than 45% can be suitable for the burning of semi-char.

关键词： pulverized-coal combustion     pyrolyzed semi-char     ignition characteristics     pollution emission     char burnout     blend ratio    

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Effect of particle size on coal char----NO reaction

Xiumin JIANG, Xiangyong HUANG, Jiaxun LIU, Chaoqun ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 221-228 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0146-x

摘要： Surface nitrogen complex formation upon reaction of coal char with NO at 600°C was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Particle size had a noticeable effect on the magnitude of changes, which was observed on the surface of the coal char in the nitrogen functional group. The surface increased its -NO, pyridine-N-oxide, and -NO functional group contents with a decrease in particle size. The chemisorption processes of NO molecules on the char were simulated using the ab initio Hartree–Fock method and density functional theory. Molecular modeling was applied to determine the thermodynamics of the reactions. Mechanisms were proposed to explain the formation of the -NO, pyridine-N-oxide, and -NO functional groups at 600°C.

关键词： NO reduction     chemisorption     particle size     X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy     density functional theory (DFT)    

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Reaction kinetics and internal diffusion of Zhundong char gasification with CO

Yun Liu, Jiangyuan Qu, Xuehui Wu, Kai Zhang, Yuan Zhang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 373-383 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1949-2

摘要： Mass transfer usually affects the rate of chemical reactions in coal. The effect of internal diffusion on char gasification with CO in the temperature range from 1123 K to 1273 K was investigated via thermo-gravimetric analysis and assessment of char morphology features. The results revealed that the effect of internal diffusion on the initial reaction rate was more significant with an increase of particle size, due to the concentration gradient of the gasification agent within the solid particles. In the early stage of gasification, the generation of new micropores and the opening of closed pores led to an increase in specific surface area. As the reaction proceeded, the openings were gradually expanded and the specific surface area continued to increase. However, with further reaction, disappearance of edge pores, melting and collapse of the pore structure led to a decrease in specific surface area. The intrinsic activation energy and reaction order based on the th-order model were 157.67 kJ∙mol and 0.36, respectively. Thus, temperature zones corresponding to chemical reaction and diffusion control were identified. Moreover, the calculated effectiveness factor provided a quantitative estimation of internal diffusion in the initial stage.

关键词： coal char     CO2 gasification     internal diffusion     pore evolution    

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Effect of Fe on NO release during char combustion in air and O

Ying GU, Xiaowei LIU, Bo ZHAO, Minghou XU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 200-206 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0181-2

摘要： The chemistry of char was probed by studying nitrogen release under the reactions with air and oxy-fuel combustion. The experiments were conducted in a drop tube furnace and a fixed bed flow reactor. NO was observed during those experiments. The results show that the particle size of char generated at 1073 K in CO is larger than that in N . However, at 1573 K, it is smaller in CO atmosphere due to particle breaking by gasification of char and CO . The Fe addition increases the NO conversion ratio, and the effect of Fe rises steeply with the process going until it becomes stable in the end. The results also indicate that the release of NO increases more significantly with the Fe addition in oxy-fuel environment.

关键词： NO     Fe     char     combustion     CO2    

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Effect of temperature on Lu’an bituminous char structure evolution in pyrolysis and combustion

Yandi ZHANG, Yinhe LIU, Xiaoli DUAN, Yao ZHOU, Xiaoqian LIU, Shijin XU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 14-25 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0805-x

摘要： In the process of pyrolysis and combustion of coal particles, coal structure evolution will be affected by the ash behavior, which will further affect the char reactivity, especially in the ash melting temperature zone. Lu’an bituminous char and ash samples were prepared at the N and air atmospheres respectively across ash melting temperature. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of char and ash. The specific surface area (SSA) analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer were respectively adopted to obtain the pore structure characteristics of the coal chars and combustion parameters. Besides, an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was applied to investigate the graphitization degree of coal chars prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures. The SEM results indicated that the number density and physical dimension of ash spheres exuded from the char particles both gradually increased with the increasing temperature, thus the coalescence of ash spheres could be observed obviously above 1100°C. Some flocculent materials appeared on the surface of the char particles at 1300°C, and it could be speculated that -Si N was generated in the pyrolysis process under N . The SSA of the chars decreased with the increasing pyrolysis temperature. Inside the char particles, the micropore area and its proportion in the SSA also declined as the pyrolysis temperature increased. Furthermore, the constantly increasing pyrolysis temperature also caused the reactivity of char decrease, which is consistent with the results obtained by XRD. The higher combustion temperature resulted in the lower porosity and more fragments of the ash.

关键词： bituminous char     pyrolysis     ash     structure evolution     reactivity    

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One-pot three-component Mannich reaction catalyzed by sucrose char sulfonic acid

Qiong XU, Zhigao YANG, Dulin YIN, Jihui WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 201-205 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0052-5

摘要： Sucrose char sulfonic acid efficiently catalyzed the one-pot three-component Mannich reaction of ketones, aromatic aldehydes and amines in ethanol to afford the corresponding -amino carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields. A series of heteroaromatic -amino carbonyl compounds can be obtained when using 2-acetylpyrazine as substrate. This reaction can be performed under mild reaction conditions with clean reaction profiles and a simple workup procedure.

关键词： One–pot synthesis     b-amino ketone     char sulfonic acid     2-acetylpyrazine     catalysis    

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Higher heating value prediction of torrefaction char produced from non-woody biomass

Nitipong SOPONPONGPIPAT,Dussadeeporn SITTIKUL,Unchana SAE-UENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 461-471 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0377-3

摘要： The higher heating value of five types of non-woody biomass and their torrefaction char was predicted and compared with the experimental data obtained in this paper. The correlation proposed in this paper and the ones suggested by previous researches were used for prediction. For prediction using proximate analysis data, the mass fraction of fixed carbon and volatile matter had a strong effect on the higher heating value prediction of torrefaction char of non-woody biomass. The high ash fraction found in torrefied char resulted in a decrease in prediction accuracy. However, the prediction could be improved by taking into account the effect of ash fraction. The correlation developed in this paper gave a better prediction than the ones suggested by previous researches, and had an absolute average error (AAE) of 2.74% and an absolute bias error (ABE) of 0.52%. For prediction using elemental analysis data, the mass fraction of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen had a strong effect on the higher heating value, while no relationship between the higher heating value and mass fractions of nitrogen and sulfur was discovered. The best correlation gave an AAE of 2.28% and an ABE of 1.36%.

关键词： higher heating value     correlation     biomass     proximate analysis     ultimate analysis    

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新一代煤化工和洁净煤技术利用现状分析与对策建议

谢克昌

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第6期   页码 15-24

摘要：

在论述煤炭的战略地位、利用现状和分析新一代煤化工技术与洁净煤技术利用现状的基础上，以科学规划所应遵循的原则，结合作者的科研实践，提出了我国发展新一代煤化工和洁净煤利用技术的建议。

关键词： 煤化工     洁净煤技术     对策    

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Management and Practice of Large-Scale Modern Coal Enterprises

An Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 13-17 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014004

摘要： As the coal-dominated energy structure will remain unchanged in the short term, the sustainable development of the coal industry is still serving as one of the foundations for the sound development of the national economy. The construction of modernized mines based on "four orientations", that is, orientations of scale production, modern technology and equipment, informationized management and professional working team, has been rapidly enhancing its development in the recent decade. However, in the next decade or an even longer period, the industry, with the energy centre shifting to the West of China, will be exposed to new options and development in the layout, structure, model, technology, etc.

关键词： coal industry     sustainable development     the four-orientation model    

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Managing Innovation: Accelerating the Development of Clean Coal Technology

Ya-juan Sun,Guo-qing Wang,Yan Wang,Ning Zhang,Zhen-qi Zhu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 86-92 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015013

摘要： Coal gasification technology concerns the clean, efficient utilization of coal, providing a core solution to address its negative environmental image and impact. Presently, China is pursuing the development of coal gasification technology despite industry setbacks, limited progress and elusive solutions due to limited specialty materials, technological shortfalls and intellectual expertise. The most prominent challenges to overcome include unbalanced research and project scale development issues followed by an excessive emphasis on equipment manufacturing rather than responsible management practices. The ENN Group explored these industry shortcomings to develop a comprehensive management philosophy that is specifically tailored to overcome these fundamental hurdles. Such innovative solutions include the Centralized Innovation Camp, TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) training, Extensive Alliance Network and enhanced process management, focusing upon engineering, quality assurance and process efficiency with the overall objective of industrial scale application. As a result, ENN’s Clean Coal Technologies include: Coal Hydro-gasification, Supercritical Coal Gasification, Catalytic Coal Gasification and Underground Coal Gasification, having successfully completed all pilot plant testing requirements and the construction of demonstration commercial units.

关键词： coal technology     coal gasification     innovation     management     clean     ENN    

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On the fouling mechanism of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane in the treatment of coal gasification

Xue Zou,Jin Li

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 490-498 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1600-4

摘要： Membrane fouling has been investigated by using a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 20 kDa to treat crushed coal pressurized gasification wastewater. Under the conditions of different feed pressures, the permeate flux declines and rejection coefficients of pollutants referring to three parameters (total organic carbon (TOC), chroma and turbidity) were studied. The membrane fouling mechanism was simulated with three classical membrane fouling models. The membrane image and pollutants were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrography (GC-MS). The results indicate that the permeate flux decreases with volume reduction factor before reaching a constant value. The rejection coefficients were also measured: = 70.5%, = 84.9% and = 91%. Further analysis shows that the higher the feed pressure is, the sooner the permeate flux reaches constant value and the more sharply the permeate flux declines. Constant flux indicates a nonlinear growth with feed pressure ( ): when equals 1.2 bar, the mark for the critical flux, slight membrane fouling occurs; when exceeds 1.2 bar, cake layer pollution aggravates. Also the rejection coefficients of global pollutant increases slightly with , suggesting the possibility of cake compression when exceeds 1.2 bar. Through regression analysis, the fouling of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane could be fitted very well by cake filtration model. The membrane pollutants were identified as phthalate esters and long-chain alkenes by GC-MS, and a certain amount of inorganic pollutants by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

关键词： membrane fouling     ultrafiltration membrane     coal gasification wastewater     rejection coefficient    

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A review on co-pyrolysis of coal and oil shale to produce coke

Xiangchun Liu, Ping Cui, Qiang Ling, Zhigang Zhao, Ruilun Xie

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1850-z

摘要： It has become the top priority for coking industry to rationally use and enlarge coking coal resources because of the shortage of the resources. This review focuses on the potential utilization of oil shale (OS) as a feedstock for coal-blending coking, in which the initial and basic step is pyrolysis. However, OS has a high ash content. If such OS is directly used for coal-blending coking, the coke product will not meet market demand. Therefore, this review firstly summarizes separation and beneficiation techniques for organic matter in OS, and provides an overview on coal and OS pyrolysis through several viewpoints (e.g., pyrolysis process, phenomena, and products). Then the exploratory studies on co-pyrolysis of coal with OS, including co-pyrolysis phenomena and process mechanism, are discussed. Finally, co-pyrolysis of different ranks of coals with OS in terms of coal-blending coking, where further research deserves to be performed, is suggested.

关键词： coal     oil shale     co-pyrolysis     coal blending coking     coke    

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Technology Development and Engineering Practice for Protection and Utilization of Water Resources in Coal

Da-zhao Gu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 59-66 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016010

摘要： Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Gansu (hereafter generally referred as “the Western Area”) are major coal-producing areas in China due to rich coal resources and good mining conditions. However, the Western Area has a serious water shortage. The surface evaporation is huge and a great amount of mine water generated in coal mining is evaporated and lost after discharging to surface. In order to protect and utilize the water resources during large-scale coal mining in the Western Area, Shenhua Group has put forward a technological idea to store mine water in underground mined areas and successfully researched and developed the coal mine underground reservoir technology by solving the technical difficulties of water source prediction, reservoir site selection, reservoir capacity design, dam construction, safety guarantee, water quality control and so on through 20 years of exploration. Now Shenhua Group has successfully established a batch of reservoir in the Shendong Mining Area, obtaining great economic and social benefits. The technology is also extended to other western mining areas, providing an effective path for harmonic mining of coal and water resources in western China.

关键词： Western Mining Area     coal mining     water resources     coal mine underground reservoirs    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Intrinsic kinetics and external diffusion of catalytic steam gasification of fine coal char particles

Xuantao Wu, Jie Wang

期刊论文

Effects of pyrolyzed semi-char blend ratio on coal combustion and pollution emission in a 0.35 MW pulverizedcoal-fired furnace

Yonghong YAN, Liutao SUN, Zhengkang PENG, Hongliang QI, Li LIU, Rui SUN

期刊论文

Effect of particle size on coal char----NO reaction

Xiumin JIANG, Xiangyong HUANG, Jiaxun LIU, Chaoqun ZHANG

期刊论文

Reaction kinetics and internal diffusion of Zhundong char gasification with CO

Yun Liu, Jiangyuan Qu, Xuehui Wu, Kai Zhang, Yuan Zhang

期刊论文

Effect of Fe on NO release during char combustion in air and O

Ying GU, Xiaowei LIU, Bo ZHAO, Minghou XU

期刊论文

Effect of temperature on Lu’an bituminous char structure evolution in pyrolysis and combustion

Yandi ZHANG, Yinhe LIU, Xiaoli DUAN, Yao ZHOU, Xiaoqian LIU, Shijin XU

期刊论文

One-pot three-component Mannich reaction catalyzed by sucrose char sulfonic acid

Qiong XU, Zhigao YANG, Dulin YIN, Jihui WANG

期刊论文

Higher heating value prediction of torrefaction char produced from non-woody biomass

Nitipong SOPONPONGPIPAT,Dussadeeporn SITTIKUL,Unchana SAE-UENG

期刊论文

Innovative approach of low carbon and efficient utilization of coal resources: The polygeneration systemof a combination of the gasified coal gas and the pyrolyzed coal gas to form the synthetic gas

Kechang XIE, Fan LI

期刊论文

新一代煤化工和洁净煤技术利用现状分析与对策建议

谢克昌

期刊论文

Management and Practice of Large-Scale Modern Coal Enterprises

An Wang

期刊论文

Managing Innovation: Accelerating the Development of Clean Coal Technology

Ya-juan Sun,Guo-qing Wang,Yan Wang,Ning Zhang,Zhen-qi Zhu

期刊论文

On the fouling mechanism of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane in the treatment of coal gasification

Xue Zou,Jin Li

期刊论文

A review on co-pyrolysis of coal and oil shale to produce coke

Xiangchun Liu, Ping Cui, Qiang Ling, Zhigang Zhao, Ruilun Xie

期刊论文

Technology Development and Engineering Practice for Protection and Utilization of Water Resources in Coal

Da-zhao Gu

期刊论文